Enthalpie
Entropie
Bildungsenthalpien
(DHB)
und Entropien (S°)
anorganischer
Stoffe im Standardzustand
bei
298,15 Kelvin (ca. 25°C) und 1013mbar - (s) fest, (l) flüssig
und (g) gasförmig
|
Chem.
Formel
des
Stoffes
|
Zu-
stand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
S°
(J/mol·K)
|
|
Ag
|
s
|
0
|
+43
|
|
Ag2O
|
s
|
-31
|
+121
|
|
AgNO3
|
s
|
-124
|
+141
|
|
AgCl
|
s
|
-127
|
+96
|
|
AgBr
|
s
|
-100
|
+107
|
|
AgI
|
s
|
-62
|
+115
|
|
Al
|
s
|
0
|
+28
|
|
Al2O3
|
s
|
-1676
|
+51
|
|
AlF3
|
s
|
-1504
|
+66
|
|
Br
|
g
|
+112
|
+175
|
|
Br2
|
g
|
+31
|
+245
|
|
Br2
|
l
|
0
|
+152
|
|
HBr
|
g
|
-36
|
+199
|
|
C
Graphit
|
s
|
0
|
+6
|
|
C
Diamant
|
s
|
+2
|
+2
|
|
CO
|
g
|
-111
|
+198
|
|
CO2
|
g
|
-393
|
+214
|
|
Ca
|
s
|
0
|
+41
|
|
CaO
|
s
|
-635
|
+40
|
|
Ca(OH)2
|
s
|
-986
|
+83
|
|
CaSO4
|
s
|
-1434
|
+107
|
|
CaSO4·2H2O
|
s
|
-2033
|
+194
|
|
CaCO3
|
s
|
-1207
|
+93
|
|
Cl
|
g
|
+121
|
+165
|
|
Cl2
|
g
|
0
|
+223
|
|
HCl
|
g
|
-92
|
+187
|
|
Cu
|
s
|
0
|
+33
|
|
Cu2O
|
s
|
-169
|
+93
|
|
CuO
|
s
|
-157
|
+43
|
|
Cu2S
|
s
|
-80
|
+121
|
|
CuS
|
s
|
-53
|
+67
|
|
CuSO4
|
s
|
-771
|
+109
|
|
CuSO4·5H2O
|
s
|
-2280
|
+300
|
|
F
|
g
|
+79
|
+159
|
|
F2
|
g
|
0
|
+203
|
|
HF
|
g
|
-271
|
+174
|
|
Fe
|
s
|
0
|
+27
|
|
Fe2O3
|
s
|
-824
|
+87
|
|
Fe3O4
|
s
|
-1118
|
+146
|
|
FeS
|
s
|
-100
|
+67
|
|
FeS2
|
s
|
-178
|
+53
|
|
H
|
g
|
+218
|
+115
|
|
H2
|
g
|
0
|
+131
|
|
H2O
|
g
|
-242
|
+189
|
|
H2O
|
l
|
-286
|
+70
|
|
H2O
|
s
|
-292
|
+39
|
|
H2O2
|
l
|
-188
|
+109
|
|
I
|
g
|
+107
|
+181
|
|
I2
|
g
|
+62
|
+261
|
|
I2
|
s
|
0
|
+116
|
|
HI
|
g
|
+26
|
+206
|
|
K
|
s
|
0
|
+64
|
|
KCl
|
s
|
-436
|
+83
|
|
KBr
|
s
|
-392
|
+97
|
|
KI
|
s
|
-329
|
+104
|
|
Mg
|
s
|
0
|
+33
|
|
MgO
|
s
|
-601
|
+27
|
|
MgCl2
|
s
|
-642
|
+90
|
|
MgSO4
|
s
|
-1288
|
+92
|
|
MgSO4·7H2O
|
s
|
-3388
|
+372
|
|
MnO2
|
s
|
-519
|
+53
|
|
N
|
g
|
+473
|
+153
|
|
N2
|
g
|
0
|
+192
|
|
NH3
|
g
|
-46
|
+192
|
|
N2O
|
g
|
+82
|
+220
|
|
NO
|
g
|
+90
|
+211
|
|
NO2
|
g
|
+33
|
+240
|
|
N2O4
|
g
|
+9
|
+304
|
|
NH4Cl
|
s
|
-314
|
+95
|
|
NH4NO3
|
s
|
-366
|
+151
|
|
Na
|
s
|
0
|
+51
|
|
NaOH
|
s
|
-427
|
+64
|
|
NaF
|
s
|
-574
|
+51
|
|
NaCl
|
s
|
-411
|
+72
|
|
NaBr
|
s
|
-360
|
+84
|
|
NaI
|
s
|
-288
|
+91
|
|
Na2CO3
|
s
|
-1129
|
+136
|
|
Na2CO3·10H2O
|
s
|
-4077
|
+2172
|
|
NaSO4
|
s
|
-1384
|
+149
|
|
NaSO4·10H2O
|
s
|
-4324
|
+593
|
|
O
|
g
|
+249
|
+161
|
|
O2
|
g
|
0
|
+205
|
|
O3
|
g
|
+143
|
+239
|
|
P
(weiß)
|
s
|
0
|
+41
|
|
P
(rot)
|
s
|
-18
|
+23
|
|
Pb
|
s
|
0
|
+65
|
|
PbO
|
s
|
-217
|
+69
|
|
PbO2
|
s
|
-277
|
+76
|
|
PbS
|
s
|
-100
|
+91
|
|
PbSO4
|
s
|
-920
|
+149
|
|
S
(rhombisch)
|
s
|
0
|
+32
|
|
H2S
|
g
|
-21
|
+206
|
|
SO2
|
g
|
-297
|
+248
|
|
SO3
|
g
|
-396
|
+257
|
|
H2SO4
|
l
|
-814
|
+157
|
|
Zn
|
s
|
0
|
+42
|
|
ZnO
|
s
|
-348
|
+44
|
|
ZnCl2
|
s
|
-415
|
+111
|
Bildungsenthalpien
von Stoffen
im
Vergleich zu ihren Ionen (aq)
Kupfer(II)-sulfat
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
CuSO4
|
s
|
-771
|
|
CuSO4·5H2O
|
s
|
-2280
|
|
H2O
|
l
|
-286
|
|
Cu2+
|
aq
|
+65
|
|
SO42-
|
aq
|
-909
|
Kaliumnitrat
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
KNO3
|
s
|
-494
|
|
K+
|
aq
|
-251
|
|
NO3-
|
aq
|
-207
|
Natriumchlorid
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
NaCl
|
s
|
-411
|
|
Na+
|
aq
|
-240
|
|
Cl-
|
aq
|
-167
|
Natriumhydroxid
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
NaOH
|
s
|
-427
|
|
Na+
|
aq
|
-240
|
|
OH-
|
aq
|
-230
|
Ammoniumchlorid
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
NH4Cl
|
s
|
-314
|
|
NH4+
|
aq
|
-132
|
|
Cl-
|
aq
|
-167
|
Ammoniumnitrat
|
Formel
/ Ion
|
Zustand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
|
NH4NO3
|
s
|
-366
|
|
NH4+
|
aq
|
-132
|
|
NO3-
|
aq
|
-207
|
Bildungsenthalpien
(DHB)
und Entropien (S°)
organischer
Stoffe im Standardzustand
|
Name
des
Stoffes
|
Zu-
stand
|
DHB
(kJ/mol)
|
S°
(J/mol·K)
|
|
Methan
|
g
|
-75
|
+186
|
|
Ethan
|
g
|
-85
|
+230
|
|
Propan
|
g
|
-104
|
+270
|
|
Butan
|
g
|
-126
|
+310
|
|
Pentan
|
g
|
-146
|
+349
|
|
Pentan
|
l
|
-183
|
.
|
|
Ethen
|
g
|
+52
|
+220
|
|
Ethin
|
g
|
+227
|
+201
|
|
Benzol
|
g
|
+83
|
+269
|
|
Benzol
|
l
|
+49
|
+173
|
|
Methanol
|
g
|
-201
|
+240
|
|
Ethanol
|
g
|
-235
|
+283
|
|
Methanal
|
g
|
-116
|
+219
|
|
Ethanal
|
g
|
-166
|
+264
|
|
Propanon
|
g
|
-218
|
+295
|
|
Methansäure
|
g
|
-379
|
+249
|
|
Ethansäure
|
g
|
-435
|
+283
|
|
Harnstoff
|
s
|
-333
|
.
|
|
Glycin
|
s
|
-529
|
+104
|
|
Glucose
|
s
|
-1260
|
+289
|